Moldova and its
European path:
The European Union
Enlargement Package
From candidate status to official negotiations
What are the main steps of EU accession, and where does Moldova stand?
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The country submits an application to the Council of the European Union.
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The European Commission reviews the application and issues an opinion.
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EU member states unanimously decide to grant candidate status.
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Once initial conditions are met, member states decide to officially open negotiations.
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The country is negotiating by clusters and chapters and is preparing to implement EU legislation and standards.
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The European Commission proposes a negotiation framework, which must be approved by member states before formal negotiations begin.
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Upon completing negotiations, the Commission issues an Opinion on the country’s readiness for membership.
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EU member states unanimously agree to conclude negotiations, with the European Parliament providing its consent.
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All member states and the candidate country sign and ratify the accession treaty, finalizing the process.
Accession negotiations: What progress has Moldova made?
Moldova’s negotiations with the EU are structured around 33 chapters and two criteria (economic and political, the latter covering public administration reform and the functioning of democratic institutions), grouped into six thematic clusters ranging from fundamental values and the internal market to external relations. This structured framework ensures that every aspect of integration is addressed in a systematic way. Moldova begins its negotiation process with fundamental reforms, such as strengthening the rule of law and combating corruption. Progress in these areas determines the overall pace of EU integration.
The 2025 EU Enlargement Report shows that the Republic of Moldova has made significant progress among EU candidate countries. In 2023, during the first assessment, seven chapters were at an early stage and only two were at a moderate level of preparedness. By 2025, no chapters remain at an early stage, and around one third have reached a moderate or higher level of readiness. Two thirds of the chapters have recorded substantial progress over the past year. This reflects a strong overall advancement and demonstrates Moldova’s capacity to deliver concrete results.
Clusters of negotiating chapters
Explore the negotiation chapters and the progress Moldova has achieved in each area.
Fundamentals
Open cluster
Public procurement
Statistics
Judiciary & fundamental rights
Justice, freedom & security
Financial control
Public administration reform
Functioning of democratic institutions
Economic criteria
Internal market
Level of readiness
Free movement of goods
Free movement of workers
Right of establishment & freedom to provide services
Free movement of capital
Company law
Intellectual property law
Competition policy
Financial services
Consumer & health protection
Competitiveness & inclusive growth
Level of readiness
Digital transformation & media
Taxation
Economic Taxation & monetary policy
Social policy & employment
Enterprise & industrial policy
Science & research
Education & culture
Customs union
Green agenda & sustainable connectivity
Level of readiness
Transport policy
Energy
Trans – European networks
Enviroment & climate change
Resources, agriculture & cohesion
Level of readiness
Agriculture & rural development
Food safety, veterinary & phytosanitary policy
Fisheries & aquaculture
Regional policy & coordination of structural instruments
Financial & budgetary provisions
External relations
Level of readiness
External relations
Foreign, security & defence policy
Negotiations for each cluster are opened as a whole, starting with the one dedicated to fundamental values. This is also the last cluster to close, and the progress made here determines the overall pace of the negotiations.
What lies ahead for Moldova?
According to the European Commission’s report on the Republic of Moldova, over the past 12 months the country has made significant progress across all assessed areas, and its overall level of preparedness for EU accession has increased. Going forward, efforts will focus on strengthening reforms in key fundamental areas and advancing the screening process, with a view to progressing the accession negotiations across clusters and chapters.
Moldova Growth Plan
The European Union has approved an unprecedented financial package worth €1.9 billion to prepare the Republic of Moldova for EU accession. The initiative aims to accelerate essential reforms, boost the national economy, and ensure gradual access to the EU single market. The President of the Republic of Moldova, Maia Sandu, has agreed with European leaders to launch the Economic Growth Plan as soon as possible, along with speeding up reforms in the justice sector.
What are the benefits of the Economic Growth Plan and the expected outcomes for the next 10 years? You can find the answers to your questions.
The funds will be allocated for the 2025–2027 period, laying the groundwork for the European Union’s next multiannual budget.
What are the key milestones in EU-Moldova relations?
In recent years, the Republic of Moldova has clearly defined its destiny, transforming its European aspirations into a tangible political and economic reality. Beyond the figures, the relationship with the European Union has become the main driver of the country’s modernisation, a process that has accelerated significantly since obtaining candidate status in 2022.
The turning point came in June 2024, with the official opening of accession negotiations. This moment transformed the Association Agreement and the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA) – which until then had represented our main framework of cooperation – into the necessary springboard for full alignment with European standards. Today, we are in a stage where our legislation, institutions, and economy are gradually aligning with European values and norms. Moldova’s economy: Under the sign of Europe
The partnership with the EU has reshaped our country’s trade map. The European Union is not just a partner, but the main export market for Moldovan producers, who today send over 65% of total exports to Member States. This openness, supported by tariff elimination and facilitated access to the Single Market, has given our farmers and entrepreneurs the opportunity to compete at European level, raising standards of quality and efficiency. Beyond trade, the EU’s commitment to Moldova has translated into unprecedented financial and strategic support. Since 2021, over €2.9 billion has been directed to vital infrastructure projects, energy security, and institutional reforms. Whether we are talking about better roads, electricity interconnections that help end our energy isolation, or consistent support in managing regional crises, these investments lay the foundations of a resilient and European Moldova. Today, the Republic of Moldova is no longer just a neighbour of the European Union, but an active partner that is steadily progressing, day by day, through the necessary stages to become a full member of the European family.The relationship between the Republic of Moldova and the European Union has long surpassed the stage of diplomatic cooperation, becoming today a complex ecosystem of opportunities that directly impacts citizens’ lives and the country’s development. From freedom of movement to collective security and participation in elite European programmes, Moldova has already become deeply integrated into the EU’s mechanisms.
Since 2014, Moldovan citizens have benefited from a visa-free regime for travel within the Schengen area, a freedom that has facilitated cultural, educational, and human exchanges between Moldova and the rest of Europe. This openness has been complemented by accelerated institutional integration. In 2024, Moldova took a historic step by becoming the first non-EU country to sign a Security and Defence Partnership with the European Union, thereby strengthening its resilience in the face of regional challenges. In this context, EU support provided through the European Peace Facility has exceeded €137 million, confirming the EU’s commitment to Moldova’s stability. Our partnership is built on projects with visible impact. Moldova has become a pioneer as the first non-EU country to join the Connecting Europe Facility (CEF). This access enables the attraction of essential European funding for the modernisation of national infrastructure, including roads and energy networks. At the same time, accession to the EU Civil Protection Mechanism has integrated the country into the European disaster and risk management network, providing Moldova with access to assistance and expertise in crisis situations. Integration into the European family is most clearly visible through access to EU programmes, which open doors for researchers, young people, entrepreneurs, and public institutions: • Education and Solidarity: Erasmus+ and the European Solidarity Corps have become reference platforms for Moldovan youth, offering them educational and volunteering experiences at European standards. • Innovation and Health: Through participation in programmes such as Horizon Europe, EU4Health, and Digital Europe, Moldova benefits from access to the most advanced research and digital solutions in the Union. • Environment and Administration: Programmes such as Fiscalis, LIFE, and the EU Macro-Regional Strategy for the Danube Region provide the framework for reforming public administration and protecting natural heritage, aligning local standards with those of a full EU member. Today, Moldova is not merely “observing” the European process, but actively participating in it, turning every programme and partnership into a steady step towards the status of European Union member state.EU Enlargement Package
The European project is undergoing a historic stage of revitalisation, and the 2025 Enlargement Package – adopted by the European Commission on 4 November 2025 – confirms that the accession of new states is no longer merely an aspiration, but a strategic, achievable and active objective.
More than two decades after the “Big Bang Enlargement” of 2004, the European Union has reaffirmed its firm commitment to the integration of ten partner states: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Georgia, Ukraine, Türkiye, and, of course, the Republic of Moldova. This dynamic highlights the shift from a theoretical vision to a merit-based process, where each country’s progress is rigorously assessed year by year. The comprehensive 2025 assessment reconfirms that Moldova has maintained an upward trajectory, demonstrating its ability to implement complex structural reforms in a challenging regional context. This merit-based approach allows our country not only to tick off objectives, but also to align its institutional, economic, and legal standards with European norms, thereby accelerating the pace of the negotiations launched in the summer of 2024.Want to learn more about Moldova’s progress?
Accession to the European Union is a complex process, but each step brings the Republic of Moldova closer to integration into the European family. Stay updated with the latest developments and discover how each reform contributes to Moldova’s European future.