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Moldova and its
European path:
The European Union
Enlargement Package

The Republic of Moldova is making determined strides toward joining the European Union. Following its candidacy status and the official opening of negotiations, Moldova has entered a decisive stage in its European integration journey. Explore Moldova’s European path and the key steps toward EU membership.

From candidate status to official negotiations

In just two years, the Republic of Moldova has covered a distance that in European diplomacy often takes decades. From submitting its application for membership to the Intergovernmental Conference in Luxembourg in June 2024, our country has demonstrated unprecedented determination. The official launch of accession negotiations was not merely a bureaucratic step, but a validation of real progress in reforming the state and aligning with EU standards. Today, we are in a decisive phase: we are negotiating the transformation of the Republic of Moldova into a modern European state, chapter by chapter, building the legal and economic foundations of our future status as a member of the European Union.

What are the main steps of EU accession, and where does Moldova stand?

  • The country submits an application to the Council of the European Union.
  • The European Commission reviews the application and issues an opinion. 
  • EU member states unanimously decide to grant candidate status.
  • Once initial conditions are met, member states decide to officially open negotiations.
  • The country is negotiating by clusters and chapters and is preparing to implement EU legislation and standards.
  • The European Commission proposes a negotiation framework, which must be approved by member states before formal negotiations begin.
  • Upon completing negotiations, the Commission issues an Opinion on the country’s readiness for membership.
  • EU member states unanimously agree to conclude negotiations, with the European Parliament providing its consent.
  • All member states and the candidate country sign and ratify the accession treaty, finalizing the process.
The Republic of Moldova has already completed the stages from submitting its application for EU membership to the official launch of accession negotiations, demonstrating its strong commitment to European integration.

Accession negotiations: What progress has Moldova made?

Moldova’s negotiations with the EU are structured around 33 chapters and two criteria (economic and political, the latter covering public administration reform and the functioning of democratic institutions), grouped into six thematic clusters ranging from fundamental values and the internal market to external relations. This structured framework ensures that every aspect of integration is addressed in a systematic way. Moldova begins its negotiation process with fundamental reforms, such as strengthening the rule of law and combating corruption. Progress in these areas determines the overall pace of EU integration.

The 2025 EU Enlargement Report shows that the Republic of Moldova has made significant progress among EU candidate countries. In 2023, during the first assessment, seven chapters were at an early stage and only two were at a moderate level of preparedness. By 2025, no chapters remain at an early stage, and around one third have reached a moderate or higher level of readiness. Two thirds of the chapters have recorded substantial progress over the past year. This reflects a strong overall advancement and demonstrates Moldova’s capacity to deliver concrete results.

Clusters of negotiating chapters

Explore the negotiation chapters and the progress Moldova has achieved in each area.

I – Fundamentals

Fundamentals


Open cluster

Public procurement

Chapter 5
20/50

Statistics


Chapter 18
20/50

Judiciary & fundamental rights

Chapter 23
20/50

Justice, freedom & security

Chapter 24
20/50

Financial control

Chapter 32
20/50

Public administration reform

Criteria
20/50

Functioning of democratic institutions

Criteria
*The Commission’s report does not indicate progress for this chapter.

Economic criteria


Criteria
20/50
II – Internal Market

Internal market



Level of readiness

Free movement of goods

Chapter 1
30/50

Free movement of workers

Chapter 2
20/50

Right of establishment & freedom to provide services

Chapter 3
20/50

Free movement of capital

Chapter 4
30/50

Company law


Chapter 6
20/50

Intellectual property law

Chapter 7
30/50

Competition policy

Chapter 8
20/50

Financial services

Chapter 9
20/50

Consumer & health protection

Chapter 28
25/50
III – Competitiveness & inclusive growth

Competitiveness & inclusive growth


Level of readiness

Digital transformation & media

Chapter 10
20/50

Taxation


Chapter 16
20/50

Economic Taxation & monetary policy

Chapter 17
20/50

Social policy & employment

Chapter 19
25/50

Enterprise & industrial policy

Chapter 20
20/50

Science & research

Chapter 25
30/50

Education & culture

Chapter 26
30/50

Customs union

Chapter 29
40/50
IV – Green agenda & sustainable connectivity

Green agenda & sustainable connectivity


Level of readiness

Transport policy

Chapter 14
25/50

Energy


Chapter 15
35/50

Trans – European networks

Chapter 21
20/50

Enviroment & climate change

Chapter 27
15/50
V – Resources, agriculture & cohesion

Resources, agriculture & cohesion


Level of readiness

Agriculture & rural development

Chapter 11
15/50

Food safety, veterinary & phytosanitary policy

Chapter 12
30/50

Fisheries & aquaculture

Chapter 13
30/50

Regional policy & coordination of structural instruments

Chapter 22
30/50

Financial & budgetary provisions

Chapter 33
15/50
VI – External relations

External relations



Level of readiness

External relations


Chapter 30
30/50

Foreign, security & defence policy

Chapter 31
40/50

Negotiations for each cluster are opened as a whole, starting with the one dedicated to fundamental values. This is also the last cluster to close, and the progress made here determines the overall pace of the negotiations.

What lies ahead for Moldova?

According to the European Commission’s report on the Republic of Moldova, over the past 12 months the country has made significant progress across all assessed areas, and its overall level of preparedness for EU accession has increased. Going forward, efforts will focus on strengthening reforms in key fundamental areas and advancing the screening process, with a view to progressing the accession negotiations across clusters and chapters.

Moldova Growth Plan

The European Union has approved an unprecedented financial package worth €1.9 billion to prepare the Republic of Moldova for EU accession. The initiative aims to accelerate essential reforms, boost the national economy, and ensure gradual access to the EU single market. The President of the Republic of Moldova, Maia Sandu, has agreed with European leaders to launch the Economic Growth Plan as soon as possible, along with speeding up reforms in the justice sector.

What are the benefits of the Economic Growth Plan and the expected outcomes for the next 10 years? You can find the answers to your questions.

The funds will be allocated for the 2025–2027 period, laying the groundwork for the European Union’s next multiannual budget.

What are the key milestones in EU-Moldova relations?

In recent years, the Republic of Moldova has clearly defined its destiny, transforming its European aspirations into a tangible political and economic reality. Beyond the figures, the relationship with the European Union has become the main driver of the country’s modernisation, a process that has accelerated significantly since obtaining candidate status in 2022.

The turning point came in June 2024, with the official opening of accession negotiations. This moment transformed the Association Agreement and the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA) – which until then had represented our main framework of cooperation – into the necessary springboard for full alignment with European standards. Today, we are in a stage where our legislation, institutions, and economy are gradually aligning with European values and norms. Moldova’s economy: Under the sign of Europe

The partnership with the EU has reshaped our country’s trade map. The European Union is not just a partner, but the main export market for Moldovan producers, who today send over 65% of total exports to Member States. This openness, supported by tariff elimination and facilitated access to the Single Market, has given our farmers and entrepreneurs the opportunity to compete at European level, raising standards of quality and efficiency. Beyond trade, the EU’s commitment to Moldova has translated into unprecedented financial and strategic support.

Since 2021, over €2.9 billion has been directed to vital infrastructure projects, energy security, and institutional reforms. Whether we are talking about better roads, electricity interconnections that help end our energy isolation, or consistent support in managing regional crises, these investments lay the foundations of a resilient and European Moldova. Today, the Republic of Moldova is no longer just a neighbour of the European Union, but an active partner that is steadily progressing, day by day, through the necessary stages to become a full member of the European family. 

The relationship between the Republic of Moldova and the European Union has long surpassed the stage of diplomatic cooperation, becoming today a complex ecosystem of opportunities that directly impacts citizens’ lives and the country’s development. From freedom of movement to collective security and participation in elite European programmes, Moldova has already become deeply integrated into the EU’s mechanisms.

Since 2014, Moldovan citizens have benefited from a visa-free regime for travel within the Schengen area, a freedom that has facilitated cultural, educational, and human exchanges between Moldova and the rest of Europe. This openness has been complemented by accelerated institutional integration. In 2024, Moldova took a historic step by becoming the first non-EU country to sign a Security and Defence Partnership with the European Union, thereby strengthening its resilience in the face of regional challenges. In this context, EU support provided through the European Peace Facility has exceeded €137 million, confirming the EU’s commitment to Moldova’s stability.

Our partnership is built on projects with visible impact. Moldova has become a pioneer as the first non-EU country to join the Connecting Europe Facility (CEF). This access enables the attraction of essential European funding for the modernisation of national infrastructure, including roads and energy networks. At the same time, accession to the EU Civil Protection Mechanism has integrated the country into the European disaster and risk management network, providing Moldova with access to assistance and expertise in crisis situations.

Integration into the European family is most clearly visible through access to EU programmes, which open doors for researchers, young people, entrepreneurs, and public institutions:

• Education and Solidarity: Erasmus+ and the European Solidarity Corps have become reference platforms for Moldovan youth, offering them educational and volunteering experiences at European standards.

• Innovation and Health: Through participation in programmes such as Horizon Europe, EU4Health, and Digital Europe, Moldova benefits from access to the most advanced research and digital solutions in the Union.

• Environment and Administration: Programmes such as Fiscalis, LIFE, and the EU Macro-Regional Strategy for the Danube Region provide the framework for reforming public administration and protecting natural heritage, aligning local standards with those of a full EU member.

Today, Moldova is not merely “observing” the European process, but actively participating in it, turning every programme and partnership into a steady step towards the status of European Union member state.

EU Enlargement Package

The European project is undergoing a historic stage of revitalisation, and the 2025 Enlargement Package – adopted by the European Commission on 4 November 2025 – confirms that the accession of new states is no longer merely an aspiration, but a strategic, achievable and active objective.

More than two decades after the “Big Bang Enlargement” of 2004, the European Union has reaffirmed its firm commitment to the integration of ten partner states: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Georgia, Ukraine, Türkiye, and, of course, the Republic of Moldova. This dynamic highlights the shift from a theoretical vision to a merit-based process, where each country’s progress is rigorously assessed year by year.

The comprehensive 2025 assessment reconfirms that Moldova has maintained an upward trajectory, demonstrating its ability to implement complex structural reforms in a challenging regional context. This merit-based approach allows our country not only to tick off objectives, but also to align its institutional, economic, and legal standards with European norms, thereby accelerating the pace of the negotiations launched in the summer of 2024.

Want to learn more about Moldova’s progress?

Accession to the European Union is a complex process, but each step brings the Republic of Moldova closer to integration into the European family. Stay updated with the latest developments and discover how each reform contributes to Moldova’s European future.